Fertility  Jargon Decoded.

Amenorrhea

This is when a woman misses her period for three or four months in a row.

Aneuploidy

Aneuploidy is when there are an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell. This could cause miscarriage or health problems in the baby.

Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH)

This protein gets your eggs ready to be released. If you get fertility testing, your doc may check your blood’s AMH levels to make sure your ovaries are still popping out eggs.

Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Fertility treatments and procedures that involve surgically removing eggs and combining them with sperm (outside the body) to help you get pregnant are referred to as ART.

Azoospermia

This is a male fertility problem. It’s when his semen doesn’t contain any sperm.

Blastocyst

Once an egg is fertilized, it’s known as a blastocyst. It begins a development phase that ends when it implants into the uterine wall.

Cervical Mucus

Sorry, but this may sound gross. Cervical mucus is secreted from the cervix. It’s produced by the hormone estrogen in the first part of your monthly menstrual cycle. That’s why many TTCers check their discharge for signs of cervical mucus — it clues them in on when they might ovulate.

Clomiphene Citrate

You might know this as Clomid. It’s a fertility drug that’s used to trigger the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which can jump-start the ovulation process.

Egg Donation

In this fertility treatment, a woman who’s infertile uses donated eggs, taken from a fertile woman, to do an ART procedure.

Embryo

Once an egg has been fertilized and starts dividing, it becomes an embryo.

Embryo Donation

Sometimes, embryos (unused from other reproductive procedures) are donated to other women so they can try ART to get pregnant.

Endometriosis

In this health condition, tissue that’s normally inside the uterus grows in other places, such as on the fallopian tubes and ovaries. This can cause bleeding, scarring, pelvic pain and infertility.

Estrogen

This is the hormone in a woman’s body that makes her eggs mature and causes her endometrium to start thickening to prep for pregnancy.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

This hormone is part of reproduction for both men and women. In men, it stimulates sperm production and keeps it going. In women, it matures egg follicles — that’s why having high levels of FSH could mean she has few eggs left and may have trouble conceiving. Fertility experts believe that FSH levels over 10 to 15 mIU/mL can be a sign of weakened fertility.

Gestational Carrier

You’ve probably heard of this, commonly called a surrogate. This is a woman who gets pregnant with someone else’s baby. A couple dealing with fertility problems might have their embryo implanted in a gestational carrier’s uterus. She carries the child through to delivery, even though she has no genetic relationship with it (as opposed to traditional surrogacy, in which the carrier is genetically related to the child).

Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

If your doctor suspects your fallopian tubes could be blocked, you might get this X-ray test in which dye is injected into the cervix to show where any blockage might be. The procedure normally takes 15 to 20 minutes, and you may feel cramping that’s similar to what you experience during your period. Generally, you should be able to get results at the time of the procedure.

Infertility

So what’s the difference between having trouble trying to get pregnant and being infertile? Well, if the woman is under age 34, she and her partner are considered infertile if they’ve been having 12 months of sex without contraceptives and haven’t conceived. If she’s over 35, they’re considered infertile after six months of trying.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

In this procedure, a single sperm is injected directly into an egg.

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

This is when sperm are placed in a woman’s uterus to help her get pregnant.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

This ART procedure involves removing eggs from a woman’s ovaries and fertilizing them outside her body. The resulting embryos are then transferred into the woman’s uterus through the cervix.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland, in women it’s responsible for the monthly release of an egg. In men, LH is responsible for starting the production of testosterone.

Obstetrician-Gynecologist (ob-gyn)

These are trained physicians who diagnose and treat female reproductive health issues, and care for women during pregnancy, childbirth and during post-birth recovery.

Ovulation

Ovulation is the term used to define the release of an egg (usually one, though sometimes more) from a woman’s ovary.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is technically a hormonal imbalance, earmarked by any two of the following three characteristics: overproduction of androgens (male hormones), irregular menstrual cycles and an ultrasound demonstrating polycystic-appearing ovaries. Some women with this disorder experience a degree of insulin resistance as well.

Premature Ovarian Failure

This is the loss of normal function of the ovaries, which causes a woman to have irregular periods or no periods at all.

Progesterone

This hormone helps to improve the condition of the endometrium, making it more receptive to implantation.

Reproductive Endocrinologist

These doctors specialize in reproductive endocrine disorders and infertility.

Retrograde Ejaculation

This refers to the entry of semen into the bladder instead of going through the urethra during ejaculation.

Semen

This is the sperm and the seminal fluid that’s secreted during ejaculation.

Semen Analysis

The microscopic examination of semen, this helps determine the number of sperm (sperm count), their shapes (morphology) and their ability to move (motility).

Sperm Donation

This is when a donation of sperm is made to help a woman get pregnant.

Surrogacy

In traditional surrogacy, a woman is inseminated with the sperm of a man who is not her partner in order to conceive and carry a child to be reared by the biologic (genetic) father and his partner. In this procedure, the surrogate is genetically related to the child. The biologic father and his partner must usually adopt the child after its birth. In gestational surrogacy, the baby and the surrogate aren’t related (see Gestational Carrier, above).

Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE)

This minor surgical procedure involves the removal of a small sample of testicular tissue in order to retrieve sperm for use in an IVF cycle.

Testosterone

A male sex hormone, it’s produced in the testicles and aids in the production of sperm.

Tubal Factor Infertility

Tubal factor infertility is defined as either a complete or partial blockage and/or scarring of the fallopian tubes. Tubal factor infertility causes a disruption of egg pickup and transport, fertilization and also embryo transport from the fallopian tube down into the uterus where the embryo implants.

Urologist

This is a physician who specializes in the treatment of disorders and diseases related to male and female urinary organs and male reproductive organs.

Varicocele

This cause of male infertility occurs when varicose veins are present in the blood vessels above the testes.

Source: The American Fertility Association

Pickering: New Year’s Eve Family Countdown 

Ajax: The whole town is invited to the biggest New Year’s Eve party in Ajax – the Town’s annual New Year’s Eve party takes place on December 31 at the Ajax Community Centre, from 6 to 9 p.m.

The evening’s entertainment is fun for the entire family: ice skating, small animal interactions, children’s crafts and games, and the return of Johnnie Balloonie with his balloon creations. Andrew Queen, winner of the Canadian Folk Music Award for Best Children’s Album, will perform his sing-along stories and action at 7 p.m. 

‘She’s a little miracle’: Baby born at 24 weeks weighing just 9oz becomes world’s third smallest to survive

Melinda not much heavier than Coke can when she was delivered
By Damien Gayle

The third smallest baby ever to be born and survive is thriving, doctors say, after she entered the world almost four months before she was due.

Melinda Star Guido weighed roughly the same as two iPhones when was born 16 weeks premature at Los Angeles County-USC Medical Centre on August 30. She was due today.

But after round the clock care at the hospital’s Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Melinda is now tipping the scales at 4.12lb and her parents hope to have her home by New Year’s Day.

Her mother, Haydee Ibarra, 22, told LA Now: ‘She was always fighting, all the nurses were saying that she was really feisty, she was always fighting for her life.’

Miss Ibarra had to deliver Melinda by Caesarian section at just 24 weeks because of a high blood pressure disorder that both their lives at risk.

She weighed just 270g (9.5oz) at birth making her, according to figures from the Global Birth Registry, the third smallest baby ever to be born and survive until her due date.

So small she could fit into the palm of her doctor’s hand, Melinda has spent the first few, crucial months cocooned in an incubator in the LA County’s NICU

Almost every day, her mother would spend all day sat by her bedside, and stayed overnight whenever she was able to.

During her pregnancy, Miss Ibarra suffered from high blood pressure, which can be dangerous for both mother and foetus.

She was transferred from a hospital near her San Fernando Valley home to the county’s flagship hospital, which was better equipped to handle high-risk pregnancies.

There was a problem with the placenta, the organ that nourishes the developing foetus. Melinda was not getting proper nutrition, blood and oxygen.

Melinda was delivered by caesarean section at 24 weeks and was immediately transferred to the NICU where a team of doctors and nurses kept watch around the clock.

Doctors knew Melinda would weigh less than a pound, but they were surprised at how small and fragile she was.

Dr. Rangasamy Ramanathan, who oversees premature infants, told the Associated Press: ‘The first few weeks, it was touch and go. None of us thought the baby was going to make it,’

Even if she survived, doctors told Miss Ibarra and her husband Yovani Guido, children born this extremely premature can have developmental delays and impairments such as blindness, deafness or cerebral palsy.

Miss Ibarra, who previously had a stillborn, told doctors to do whatever necessary to help her baby.

‘They said, “We’ll take the chance. Please try.” So we said. “OK we’ll try,”‘ said Dr Ramanathan.

Kept insulated in the incubator, Melinda was hooked up to a machine to aid her breathing. She got nutrition through a feeding tube.

Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2074459/Third-smallest-baby-born-survive-thriving-born-nearly-months-early-weighing-just-9oz.html#ixzz1giMSzw4g